EtherChannel has numerous advantages, the most probable being bandwidth aggregation. Learn EtherChannel aggregation techniques including PAgP and LACP as defined by Cisco and IEEE 802.3ad. Compare methods used to include load balancing and redundancy techniques on physical switches and connecting to the virtual data center. Explore configuration examples which include both Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity. Participants will demonstrate basic EtherChannel concepts using a Packet Tracer activity. Second place GIR Contest regional winner United States and Canada.
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Introduction:
Repeat for fa0/7 – 8 and assign vlan 20, complete the same task on SW2. On SW3 assign fa0/5 – 6 vlan 30 and on SW4 assign fa0/5 – 6 vlan 40
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EtherChannel: Aggregation, Load Balancing, and Redundancy
Click here to download topology Topology of EtherChannel: Aggregation, Load Balancing, and Redundancy
Topology Diagram
Addressing Table:
Host
|
Interface
|
Address
|
MLS1
|
G0/1
|
172.16.1.1/30
|
VLAN 10
|
192.168.10.1/24
|
|
VLAN 20
|
192.168.20.1/24
|
|
R1
|
G0/1
|
172.16.1.2/30
|
G0/0.20
|
192.168.30.1/24
|
|
G0/0.30
|
192.168.30.1/24
|
|
PC1-V10
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.10.5
|
PC2-V10
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.10.6
|
PC3-V20
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.20.5
|
PC4-V20
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.20.6
|
PC5-V10
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.10.7
|
PC6-V10
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.10.8
|
PC7-V20
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.20.7
|
PC8-V20
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.20.8
|
PC10-V30
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.30.5
|
PC11-V30
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.30.6
|
PC12-V40
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.40.5
|
PC13-V40
|
Ethernet
|
192.168.40.6
|
In this lab all PCs
have been assigned their associated IP addresses as static. Instructors may decide to add appropriate
requirements to enable a DHCP server with helper-addresses on router interfaces
or use DHCP services on the layer 3 devices.
Introduction:
When a switched
network spans multiple switches, a method of linking those switches must be
used. A Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet
or 10Gigabit Ethernet port can be used to uplink between switches, but this
introduces a bottleneck to the flow of traffic.
To demonstrate try using a 24-port 2960 switch having 23 Fast Ethernet
ports sending traffic over a single Fast Ethernet link to another switch.
Unfortunately when we
connect two or more ports from one switch to another spanning-tree will place
one port into blocking state to protect against a layer 2 loop.
The initial
configuration of this lab could vary depending on the instructors intended
use. This Packet Tracer file could be
used to present a number of switching related topics: VLANs, Trunking, VTP,
InterVLAN routing, and EtherChannel.
Review the address
design. In an effort to save time for
this demonstration the PCs have been configured with appropriate addresses and
default gateways. The following
tasks/objectives will need to be performed:
- Enable each
switch as VTP Transparent Mode
- Create the
proper VLANs on each Transparent mode switch
- Create Trunks
for each port interconnecting switches
- Create
Etherchannels to aggregate trunks between switches
- Confirm or
configure load-balance method for Etherchannels
- Troubleshoot if
needed
Part 1 Prepare the switches
Step 1. Enable each
switch as VTP Transparent Mode
SW1(config)#vtp mode
transparent
Setting device to VTP TRANSPARENT mode
Setting device to VTP TRANSPARENT mode
Step 2. Create Appropriate VLANs on each switch.
SW1(config)#vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SW1(config-vlan)#exit
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SW1(config-vlan)#exit
Repeat for each switch
– MLS1, SW2, Create VLAN 30, 40 on SW3,
SW4
Step 3. Assign Access
VLANs to the appropriate ports on each switch
SW1(config)#int
range fa0/5 - 6
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport
mode access
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport
access vlan 10
SW1(config-if-range)#spanning-tree
portfast
%Warning:
portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single
host. Connecting hubs, concentrators,
switches, bridges, etc... to this
interface
when portfast is enabled, can cause temporary bridging loops.
Use with CAUTION
%Portfast
will be configured in 2 interfaces due to the range command
but will only have effect when the interfaces
are in a non-trunking mode
Repeat for fa0/7 – 8 and assign vlan 20, complete the same task on SW2. On SW3 assign fa0/5 – 6 vlan 30 and on SW4 assign fa0/5 – 6 vlan 40
Step 4. Create
Trunk links between switches
MLS1(config)#int range
fa0/1 – 4
MLS1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encap dot1q
MLS1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
MLS1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encap dot1q
MLS1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW1(config-if-range)#int
range fa0/1 – 2
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW2(config-if-range)#int
range fa0/3 – 4
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
Now test the default
spanning-tree results: output may vary!
SW2#sho
spanning-tree vlan 1
VLAN0001
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address 000A.4139.EE2E
Cost 19
Port 3(FastEthernet0/3)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 000C.8511.C2C9
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/3 Root FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Fa0/4 Altn BLK 19 128.4 P2p
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32769
Address 000A.4139.EE2E
Cost 19
Port 3(FastEthernet0/3)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)
Address 000C.8511.C2C9
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/3 Root FWD 19 128.3 P2p
Fa0/4 Altn BLK 19 128.4 P2p
PART 2 Create Etherchannels
Step 1: Use PAgP for etherchannel between MLS1 and
SW1
MLS1(config)#int
range fa0/1 – 2
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-protocol pagp
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode desirable
MLS1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-protocol pagp
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode desirable
MLS1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
SW1(config)#int range
fa0/1 – 2
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-protocol pagp
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode auto
SW1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-protocol pagp
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode auto
SW1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
Step 2: Use LACP for etherchannel between MLS1 and
SW2
MLS1(config)#interface
range fa0/3 – 4
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-protocol lacp
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-group 2 mode active
MLS1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 2
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-protocol lacp
MLS1(config-if-range)#channel-group 2 mode active
MLS1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 2
SW2(config)#int range
fa0/3 – 4
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-protocol lacp
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 2 mode passive
SW2(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 2
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-protocol lacp
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 2 mode passive
SW2(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 2
Step 3. Use manual ON for etherchannel between SW3
and SW4.
SW3(config)#int range
fa0/1 – 2
SW3(config-if-range)#channel-group 3 mode on
SW3(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel
SW3(config-if-range)#channel-group 3 mode on
SW3(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel
SW4(config-if-range)#channel-group
3 mode on
SW4(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 3
SW4(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 3
Step 4. Take another look at spanning-tree and verify
the port-channel interfaces have the least cost path and there are no ports in
blocking state. This is an indication
that all uplink ports are in use. Check
each switch. Output may vary.
SW2#show spanning-tree
.
.
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32778
Address 000A.4139.EE2E
Cost 9
Port 27(Port-channel 2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 000C.8511.C2C9
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/5 Desg FWD 19 128.5 P2p
Fa0/6 Desg FWD 19 128.6 P2p
Po2 Root FWD 9 128.27 Shr
.
.
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 32778
Address 000A.4139.EE2E
Cost 9
Port 27(Port-channel 2)
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 000C.8511.C2C9
Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time 20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/5 Desg FWD 19 128.5 P2p
Fa0/6 Desg FWD 19 128.6 P2p
Po2 Root FWD 9 128.27 Shr
Step 5. Verify that EtherChannel is working.
SW2#sho etherchannel
summary
Flags: D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s – suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port
Flags: D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s – suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port
Number of
channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators: 1
Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
---------+------------------+-------------+----------------------------------------------
2 Po2(SU) LACP Fa0/3(P) Fa0/4(P)
Number of aggregators: 1
Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
---------+------------------+-------------+----------------------------------------------
2 Po2(SU) LACP Fa0/3(P) Fa0/4(P)
Note: if the EtherChannel does not come up, you
might want to try shutting down the physical interfaces on both ends of the
EtherChannel. Using the “shut” , “no
shut” commands.
Also use:
MLS1#sho interface
trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Po1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Po2 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Po1 1-1005
Po2 1-1005
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Po1 1,10,20
Po2 1,10,20
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Po1 1,10,20
Po2 1,10,20
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Po1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Po2 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Po1 1-1005
Po2 1-1005
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Po1 1,10,20
Po2 1,10,20
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Po1 1,10,20
Po2 1,10,20
Use the “show
etherchannel port-channel command to verify aggregation state and protocol
MLS1#sho etherchannel
port-channel
Channel-group listing:
----------------------
Group: 1
----------
Port-channels in the group:
---------------------------
Port-channel: Po1
-----------
Age of the Port-channel = 00d:00h:40m:16s
Logical slot/port = 2/1 Number of ports = 2
GC = 0x00000000 HotStandBy port = null
Port state = Port-channel
Protocol = PAGP
Port Security = Disabled
Ports in the Port-channel:
Index Load Port EC state No of bits
------+-------------+----------+-------------------+-----------
0 00 Fa0/2 Active 0
0 00 Fa0/1 Active 0
Time since last port bundled: 00d:00h:38m:02s Fa0/1
Channel-group listing:
----------------------
Group: 1
----------
Port-channels in the group:
---------------------------
Port-channel: Po1
-----------
Age of the Port-channel = 00d:00h:40m:16s
Logical slot/port = 2/1 Number of ports = 2
GC = 0x00000000 HotStandBy port = null
Port state = Port-channel
Protocol = PAGP
Port Security = Disabled
Ports in the Port-channel:
Index Load Port EC state No of bits
------+-------------+----------+-------------------+-----------
0 00 Fa0/2 Active 0
0 00 Fa0/1 Active 0
Time since last port bundled: 00d:00h:38m:02s Fa0/1
Part 3 Load Balancing
Step 1: Check the default load balance method used
SW1#sho etherchannel
load-balance
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Operational State (src-mac):
Non-IP: Source MAC address
IPv4: Source MAC address
Ipv6: Source MAC address
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Operational State (src-mac):
Non-IP: Source MAC address
IPv4: Source MAC address
Ipv6: Source MAC address
Step 2: Change the load-balance method to src-dst-ip
SW1(config)#port-channel
load-balance src-dst-ip
SW1#sho etherchannel
load-balance
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Operational State (src-dst-ip):
Non-IP: Source XOR Destination MAC address
IPv4: Source XOR Destination IP address
IPv6: Source XOR Destination IP address
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Operational State (src-dst-ip):
Non-IP: Source XOR Destination MAC address
IPv4: Source XOR Destination IP address
IPv6: Source XOR Destination IP address
Note: Packet Tracer currently lacks support for
fully testing load –balance with the following command I have placed it here
for reference that could be used on live physical switches to test the load
balance algorithm.
SWA# test
etherchannel load-balance interface port-channel number {ip|mac}
[source ip] [destination ip]
Would select Fa0/2 of Po1
Would select Fa0/2 of Po1
Part 4 Configure the Intervlan routing
Step 1: Turn on routing for the MLS1 switch
MLS1(config)#ip routing
MLS1(config)#int g0/1
MLS1(config-if)#no switchport
MLS1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252
MLS1(config)#int g0/1
MLS1(config-if)#no switchport
MLS1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252
MLS1(config-if)#interface
vlan 10
MLS1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
MLS1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
MLS1(config-if)#interface
vlan 20
MLS1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
MLS1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
MLS1(config)#ip route
192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2
MLS1(config)#ip route 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2
MLS1(config)#ip route 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2
Step 2: Configure R1 with intervlan routing
(Router-on-a-stick)
SW4(config)#interface
g1/1
SW4(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
SW4(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
R1(config)#interface
g0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#interface
g0/0.30
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 30
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 30
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-subif)#interface
g0/0.40
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 40
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 40
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config)#interface
g0/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.252
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config)#ip route
192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.1
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.1
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.1
Test successful pings
from PC1-V10 to PC7-V20, PC10-V30, and PC12-V40. All pings should respond successfully. Otherwise troubleshoot appropriate
etherchannel, trunks, and intervlan routing.
